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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
loss, lethargy, fever ... • Fever, weight ... be normal • Fever ... : • (Fever, weight ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary
Lung Abscess
Microbiology:
 • Polymicrobial 
 • Anaerobes (most common) 
Clinical: 
 • Indolent symptoms that evolve
Lung Abscess Microbiology ... to rnonths • Fever ... , hemoptysis Treatment ... Abscess #Diagnosis #Pulmonary ... #Clinical #CXR
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
: • 80% have fever ... Blood cultures • CXR ... early disease) • CXR ... decubitus - air fluid level ... #Abscess #pulmonary
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
cough, dyspnea, fever ... - Imaging: • CXR ... , Pulmonary lymphoma ... Treatment: • ... #COP #BOOP #pulmonary
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
this patient have pneumonia ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR ... Inflammation (e.g., fever ... procalcitonin) - Pulmonary ... #Pneumonia #Venn
Based on the images alone, it is usually not possible to determine the cause of the
between these chest ... with cough and fever ... nodular interstitial lung ... Clinical #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CXR #Lobar #Consolidation
Air Bronchograms in Pneumonia on Lung Ultrasound

Pearl: When lung looks like liver, it's never a good
Bronchograms in Pneumonia ... , it's never a good ... CXR in video for ... #Bronchograms #Pneumonia ... clinical #pocus #Pulmonary
On the left a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.
It was a patient with low-grade fever, progressive
with low-grade fever ... and an abnormal chest ... respond promptly to treatment ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CTChest #Eosinophilic
Good example of 'shred sign' in a patient with fever, cough and shortness of breath. 

This
a patient with fever ... have multifocal pneumonia ... on CXR/CT imaging ... photo #ultrasound #lung ... #pulmonary
Miliary Pattern - Chest Radiology
 • Miliary opacities are scattered, small (1 -4 mm) nodules
 •
Radiology • Miliary ... throughout the lungs ... rarely typical pneumonia ... #diagnosis #pulmonary ... #CXR #clinical