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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
• Pleuritic chest ... Lymphadenopathy, Chest ... : • Chest pain ... , pleural effusion ... differential #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
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Pulmonary Diseases - Pneumonia ... Pneumothorax - Effusion ... Pulmonary #Diseases #Radiology ... #Patterns #Lung ... #CXR #XRay #ChestCT
Main Lung Ultrasound differences between COVID-19 involvement and other conditions that may yield respiratory symptoms
 •
Main Lung Ultrasound ... superimposed bacterial pneumonia ... Large pleural effusion ... COVID19 #POCUS #Lung ... #Ultrasound #Comparison
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
of interstitial lung ... cough, dyspnea, fever ... Rare: pleural effusions ... Diagnosis: • Lung ... TBNA or Surgical lung
Lung Ultrasound for Diagnosing Pneumonia - Scan through 6 zones (3 per side) 1. Midclavicular line
Lung Ultrasound ... for Diagnosing Pneumonia ... on the anterior chest ... the posterior chest ... #PICU #POCUS #Lung
Radiographic appearances of pulmonary diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients
 • Diffuse Interstitial Infiltrates: Pneumocystis jirovecii, M.tuberculosis, Histoplasma
Actinomyces spp., NHL; Lung ... Parapneumonic effusion ... (NHL, primary effusion ... differential #diagnosis #chestCT ... #radiology
COVID-19 Patterns of Lung Findings on Chest CT
1. Reverse Halo Sign
2. ARDS
3. Crazy-Paving Pattern
4. Bilateral Peripheral
19 Patterns of Lung ... Findings on Chest ... Organizing Pneumonia ... #Pulmonary #ChestCT ... #radiology #CTChest
Etiologies of pulmonary infections according to CT-scan patterns. 
CMV cytomegalovirus, GM galactomannan, HSV herpes simplex virus,
- Viral pneumonia ... Aspergillosis PLEURAL EFFUSION ... - Bacterial pneumonia ... Patterns #Pulmonary #Lung ... Differential #Diagnosis #Chest
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Ultrasound Findings ... pleura reflection) Pneumonia ... Possible small plural effusion ... Possible bilateral effusion ... #POCUS #ultrasound
Lobar pneumonia
On the chest x-ray there is an ill-defined area of increased density in the right
Lobar pneumonia ... On the chest x-ray ... weight loss or long ... an acute lobar pneumonia ... #Clinical #Radiology