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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... loss, lethargy, fever ... • Fever, weight ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
cough, dyspnea, fever ... - Diagnosis: ... , Pulmonary lymphoma ... #COP #BOOP #pulmonary ... #ILD #diagnosis
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
Diagnosis is generally ... e.g., CXR, CT, ultrasound ... Inflammation (e.g., fever ... #Pneumonia #Venn ... #Pulmonolary
Eosinophilic Pneumonia
When to suspect Eosinophilic Pneumonia? Non-resolving pneumonia + BAL > 25% eosinophils + excluded more
Eosinophilic Pneumonia ... excluded more common diagnoses ... tobacco hx - Fever ... Consolidations AKA "inverse pulmonary ... #diagnosis #pulmonary
Central distribution is seen in sarcoidosis and cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Peripheral distribution is mainly seen in cryptogenic
and cardiogenic pulmonary ... cryptogenic organizing pneumonia ... chronic eosinophilic pneumonia ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #HRCT
Non-Resolving Pneumonias: Etiologies
Unusual Infections:
 - Immunocompromised patients (e.g.: Mycobacterium, Aspergillosis, Nocardia)
 - Endemic Fungi (e.g.: Histoplasmosis,
Non-Resolving Pneumonias ... yersinia/rats, Q fever ... Others: - Pulmonary ... #NonResolving #Pneumonia ... #diagnosis #pulmonary
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
 -
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary ... Diseases - Pneumonia ... Emphysema - Pulmonary ... #Diseases #Radiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Fever in Returning Travelers from Tropical Regions - Frequent Differential Diagnoses
Medical History:
 • Skin exposure to
Frequent Differential Diagnoses ... Cough, dyspnea - Pneumonia ... melioidosis, typhoid, pulmonary ... eosinophilia - Tropical pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis
Based on the images alone, it is usually not possible to determine the cause of the
Lobar pneumonia ... Organizing pneumonia ... with low oxygen level ... #Clinical #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #CXR
Causes of Interstitial Lung Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia
 • (UIP) Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
- Differential Diagnosis ... Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), • Pulmonary ... leaking out of pulmonary ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc ... #Differential #Diagnosis