32 results
Aortic Stenosis Grading on echocardiography
The cut-offs for grading can be found in table 1. Discrepancies are
Aortic Stenosis Grading ... The cut-offs for grading ... can be found in table ... and are usually caused ... 4.0 m/s and mean gradient
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Water and solute loading ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever

Pathogenesis of rheumatic fever. 
1. GAS pharyngitis leads to antigenic presentation of pathogenic
gets activated leading ... skin, and brain leading ... T-cell infiltration leading ... antibodies which can cause ... lysoganglioside leading
Clinically Significant Cardiovascular Drug-Drug Interactions With OTC Supplements and Herbal Products
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs)
 • Night-blooming
effects of ACEIs, leading ... alpha-blockers, leading ... betablockers, leading ... vera, Licorice - Causes ... pharmacology #DDI #table
Overview guide to looking for causes to hyponatremia. Visit gramproject.com for more medical diagrams, tables and
Overview guide to looking ... for causes to hyponatremia ... medical diagrams, tables ... #algorithm #differential ... #causes #hyponatremia
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
the most common cause ... , leading to infarction ... angular gyrus (the reading ... Pathophysiology: ... neurology #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Disc Herniations - Pathogenesis and Complications
• 90% of Lumbar disc herniations happen at L4/5 and L5/S1
•
-> Disc less able ... -> Mechanical loading ... complications #msk #pathophysiology
Drug-Induced Edema
Drug-induced edema is caused by many drugs & can coincide with or worsen pre-existing peripheral
Drug-induced edema is caused ... blood vessels, leading ... Edema #Medication #Causes ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tourniquet while drawing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
other proteins leaking ... ischemia -> Venous beading ... retinal ischemia causes ... complications #pathophysiology