65 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... - Normal/low ... #causes #urinary
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... of High-anion Gap ... , ileal loop ... Potassium-sparing diuretics
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... pressure: Active diuretic ... the indicated causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Classification #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... urinary losses: • High ... consumption • Low ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics