10 results
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Losses: - Diuretics ... diuretics, and ... thiazide-like diuretics ... diuretic use), ... mimics thiazide diuretic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... acidosis: Diabetic ... #causes #urinary
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... Altitude sickness • Diuretic ... paralysis Osmotic Diuretics ... Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Diuretics) (Bumetanide
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loses - Medications ... - Loop and ... thiazide diuretics ... Hypokalemia - Osmotic diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diuretics after ... renal tubule diuretic ... diuretics actively ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... acidosis • Diabetic
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Correction of diabetic ... Saline or osmotic diuresis ... disease Drugs: - Loop ... diuretics - Aminoglycosides ... #medications #drugs
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
G-K), K-sparing diuretics ... improve GFR - Diuresis ... hypertonic Amp IVP • Diuretics ... (IV loop diuretic ... diuretic (lasix
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... , Heat stroke, Metabolic ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Loop diuretics for ... Management #Summary #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
, including a diuretic ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... alkalosis. 7. ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... #indications