16 results
nephrology diagnosis differential management causes algorithm hyperkalemia metabolic diuresis diuretics rhabdomyolysis urine acidosis aniongap balance chloride criticalcare excretion fluid gitelman
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... plasma insulin (treatment ... , nasogastric suction ... anhydrase inhibitors, loop ... syndrome (mimics loop
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action 1) Acetazolamide 2) Osmotic
Hormones Acting ... Their Site of Action ... mannitol) 3) Loop ... HCTZ) 5) Potassium-sparing ... spironolactone) #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... GI losses (NG suction ... • Discontinued diuretic ... nephrology #low #potassium
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As
Mechanisms of Loop ... Diuretic Action ... Panel A, loop diuretics ... binding to sodium–potassium–chloride ... #Pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... Fluids Shift potassium ... renal function) - Loop ... diuretic (often ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... blood pressure: Active ... diuretic use, Bartter ... of sodium and potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Ureterosigmoidostomy, jejunal loop ... , ileal loop ... Hypokalemia ... Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (amiloride
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Non-reabsorbable anion ... High Urine Cl - Loop ... diuretics, Thiazide ... diuretics, Mg2+ ... #urine #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
(IV loop diuretic ... acetazolamide) - IV loop ... Exchanges K+ for cations ... (10g PO tid) - caution ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
vomiting/ nasogastric suction ... • Thiazide or loop ... diuretics after ... renal tubule diuretic ... other • Severe potassium
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