18 results
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... diuretics, and ... diuretic use), ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
Diuresis in Critical ... • Start with LOOP ... are short acting ... Early nephrologv ... #criticalcare
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... irrigation • Management ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
G-K), K-sparing diuretics ... improve GFR - Diuresis ... (IV loop diuretic ... diuretic (lasix ... #Management #Treatment
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Saline or osmotic diuresis ... disease • Drugs: Loop ... diuretics, Aminoglycosides ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
- Differential Diagnosis ... Vomiting • NG suction ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter ... #differential #diagnosis
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
High Urine Cl - Loop ... diuretics, Thiazide ... diuretics, Mg2+ ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Vomiting • NG suction ... contracted • Loop ... diuretics / Bartter's ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Loop diuretics for ... #causes #treatment