45 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... - Normal/low ... blood pressure: Active ... diuretic use, Bartter
Ascites Management Principles
Low Salt Diet - 2000 Mg Sodium
Fluid Restriction - Never
Work-horse Diuretic - Aldosterone Antagonist
Combination
Principles Low ... Never Work-horse Diuretic ... Antagonist Combination Diuretics ... - Add-on Loop Diuretics ... A Second Line Option
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... diuretics, and ... Postobstructive diuresis ... diuretic use), ... #differential #diagnosis
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
Diuresis in Critical ... • Start with LOOP ... are short acting ... a contraction metabolic ... Fluid #Balance #management
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... blood pressure: Active ... diuretic use, Bartter
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Diuretics (late ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... resistance • Metabolic ... irrigation • Management ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Diuretics (late ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Vomiting • NG suction ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide)