12 results
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
ascending limb Gitelman ... of epithelial sodium ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Syndrome is a rare ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... in the distal tubule ... #nephrology #diagnosis
HINTS Exam - Distinguishing Central from Peripheral Vertigo
 • Head Impulse: Head thrust 10° with eyes
from Peripheral Vertigo ... Central #Peripheral #Vertigo ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #bppv #comparison ... #table
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Differential Dx ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Dix-HaIlpike Maneuver
 • Turn head to 45° and then rapidly lay patient to a supine position
Dix-HaIlpike Maneuver ... 20° over end of table ... TylerLarsenMD #Dix ... HaIlpike #Maneuver #neurology ... #vertigo #bppv
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... Serum albumin - Low ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
- Differential Diagnosis ... Losses - Impaired tubular ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Dix-Hallpike Maneuver for BPPV

Procedure:
1. Make the patient sit on examination table, such that the shoulders would
on examination table ... on the edge of table ... the examination table ... #Instructions #Diagnosis ... #neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology