19 results
diagnosis differential algorithm causes hypokalemia metabolic potassium syndrome gitelman hypernatremia hyponatremia management pathophysiology cardiorenal chloride diuretics excretion framework hyperkalemia hypertension
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Sodium loss (diuretics ... can be high or low ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... Inh., Osmotic diuresis ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea pH Normal 1. Decreased Mg 2. Intracellular Shift
Diuretics (discontinued ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... volume loss - diuretics ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
• Increased renal ... blood flow • ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... activities • Diuretic ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
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