16 results
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... paraproteinemia, acute ... resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Appropriately Low ... , Acute Respiratory ... Alkalosis, Tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Sodium loss (diuretics ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... diuretics after renal ... diuretic effect has ... generally indicates a renal ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Impaired forward flow ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... thromboembolism, renal ... tumors INTRINSINC RENAL ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... suggests extra-renal ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... with previously stable ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup