27 results
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Diagnosis and Workup ... Blood Work: - ... renal Mg++ wasting ... dominant kidney disease ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... Mg wasting syndromes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
and Screening Testing ... parenchymal disease ... disease - Renal ... Causes #Screening #Workup ... #table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Commonly Used Diagnostic Tests for Celiac Disease

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibodies
 - Most reliable noninvasive test
Tests for Celiac Disease ... negative if on low-gluten ... #Testing #Laboratory ... Tests #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Table
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... Inflammatory eye disease ... mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... hematuria, RBC casts, low ... differential #diagnosis #management
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... for glomerular disease ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
• Immunologic Workup ... in >90% - Low ... 60-80% - Low ... Evolution: Chronic disease ... sle #comparison #table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... irrigation • Management ... Inhibitors of Renal ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table