10 results
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... low/normal Type ... low/normal Type ... 4: Hyperkalemic ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Hypokalemia ... syndromes - Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia ... K+ wasting - Inappropriate ... Imaging: - Normal ... #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... Liddle syndrome Low-normal ... • Distal RTA Low-normal ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
- Renal Failure ... reabsorption) Workup ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... algorithm Urine Na+K ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Metabolic alkalosis • Normal ... or low blood pressure ... (renal potassium ... Sjögren syndrome, Renal ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
is dominated by K+ ... ECF and ICF both work ... exchange for H+, K+ ... as a too much K+ ... the ECF causes Hyperkalemia