9 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #nephrology #sodium
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
• Immunologic Workup ... in >90% - Low ... sle #comparison #table ... #rheumatology # ... diagnosis #management
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
(SLE) - Diagnosis ... Age 20-40, F:M 9:1 ... • Immunologic Workup ... 60-80% - Low ... Management #Summary #rheumatology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
+K / serum Na >1 ... can be high or low ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low ... , lymphopenia, low ... • ANA titers > 1: ... Ro/La, anti-Jo-1, ... #Rheumatology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
cytokines, such as IL-1 ... SJIA], systemic lupus ... 10,000 ng/mL • Hyponatremia ... Activation #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Rheumatology
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
Rheumatology Workup ... joint • Systemic lupus ... CRP level: (1) ... as opposed to 1 ... chest wall, and low
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL)
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent, 4:1 to 1:1 F:M
to 1:1 F:M • Clinical ... • Immunologic Workup ... in >90% - Low ... #DIL #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #treatment
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... 5-10U reg IV + 1- ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology