14 results
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... Malnutrition • Wilson's disease ... deficiency • blood ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
ALP, alkaline phosphatase ... alcohol-related liver disease ... non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ... mellitus; USS, ultrasound ... Abnormal #Algorithm #Hepatology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
ABO incompatible blood ... organ damage Clinical ... • Severe Liver Disease ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Viral Infection Clinical ... presentation) • Cutaneous ... Immunoglobulin M (IgM) • Blood ... sensitize red blood ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
Risk factors: Critical ... of high parity blood ... without other cause ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Causes purpura & ... include: fever, cutaneous ... Malaria, Borrellia (Lyme ... #Transfusion #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Causes purpura & ... include: fever, cutaneous ... Malaria, Borrellia (Lyme ... #Transfusions #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
which can plug blood ... Cryofibrinogenemia Clinical ... : • + Clinical ... cryoglobulins • Negative causes ... #rheumatology #hematology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Normal: < 1% Clinically ... of peripheral blood ... • Autoimmune diseases ... neutrophil #WBC #CBC #hematology ... #pathophysiology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
extramedullary disease ... -> AML: Blast crises ... violaceous, nontender cutaneous ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis