21 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Imaging: - MRI ... #differential # ... diagnosis #AIDS
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
BEE Syndromes - ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential ... #diagnosis
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... nodules, may also see ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
cord compression (MRI ... change on spinal MRI ... Gadolinium-enhanced MRI ... out • Brain MRI ... #differential
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs/symptoms ... can only be confirmed ... heart valves • MRI ... often seen • MRI ... large infarct - Infectious
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Rheumatologic ... yeast • At risk: AIDS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... : • Serology for ... fever • Septic shock
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... /Sepsis/Shock, Autoimmune ... Neurological symptoms ... Reversible course Differential ... Infection, Electrolyte
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Diagnosis and Workup ... procedures - Infection ... pylori test (GI symptoms ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... changes), high MCV
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... Diagnosis: • ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
• Depressive symptoms ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology