11 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... • Depressive symptoms ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... #AIDS #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Imaging: - MRI ... CNS #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #AIDS
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Diagnosis and Workup ... Risks factor for HIV ... pylori test (GI symptoms ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... changes), high MCV
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential ... #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... Diagnosis: • ... cord infarct • HIV ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Infection/Sepsis/Shock ... Neurological symptoms ... Reversible course Differential ... #management #neurology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... pneumonia (PJP), MAI ... involvement MAI ... Constitutional symptoms ... #AIDS #pulmonary
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
cord compression (MRI ... change on spinal MRI ... Gadolinium-enhanced MRI ... out • Brain MRI ... #differential
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Rheumatologic ... yeast • At risk: AIDS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... : • Serology for ... fever • Septic shock
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... affects the skin, neurologic ... • Progressive symptoms ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... #Diagnosis #Rheumatology