29 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Al, Low R - Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... • High Urine Cl ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... • High Urine Cl ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Urine Cl - Non-reabsorbable ... • High Urine Cl ... #differential # ... algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intake: • Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... diagnosis
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
, CML, AML, APML ... -> AML: Blast crises ... manifestations, hypoxia, CXR ... Intracellular Urate, Potassium ... #Diagnosis