10 results
diagnosis causes hyperkalemia algorithm high hypokalemia pathophysiology renal syndrome alkalosis chloride continuous crrt diuresis diuretics druginduced encephalopathy excretion gitelman indications
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) - Overview Types of CRRT • CVVHD - Continuous Veno-Venous hemodialysis -
Therapy (CRRT) - Overview ... correction of metabolic ... 4K, 2K, or 0K (all ... #Indications #Nephrology ... #Management
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Framework and Management ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Syndrome (PRES) Overview ... Reversible course Differential ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... irrigation • Management ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. ***Typical presentations: • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
1.6, low urine Cl ... correcting serum potassium ... Other medications ... hypokalemia #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome Overview ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
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