13 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hypokalemia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro #Hypokalemia #Acidosis #Alkalosis #Algorithm #Differential #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis ... Evaluation of Hypokalemia ... EM #IM #Nephro #Hypokalemia ... #Acidosis #Alkalosis ... #Ddxof
Laboratory Evaluation of Hypocalcemia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Evaluation #Workup #Hypocalcemia #PTH #Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Evaluation of Hypocalcemia ... IM #Evaluation #Workup ... #Hypocalcemia # ... PTH #Differential ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... • Metabolic acidosis ... blockers - MCW ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Exogenous (KCL ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #pathophysiology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... insufficiency (GFR 20-50 ml ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... pressure: - Cl ... cause metabolic acidosis ... Hypochloremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypotension & Hypovolemia ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... #Differential #
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... - Metabolic acidosis ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... - Mild lactic acidosis ... - Hyperkalemia
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology ... #Hypokalemia