13 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... insufficiency ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... may cause metabolic ... alkalosis #Hypochloremia ... #Differential #
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... - Renal insufficiency ... (GFR 20-50 ml/min ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... alkalosis. 7. ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... #causes #Differential
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
• Congenital Adrenal ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... CHF) • Inborn Metabolism ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes #pediatrics
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Management Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... urine output: 200 ml ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... alkalosis • Familial ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment