14 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... Primary #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... aldosteronism #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... responsive metabolic alkalosis ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning • Normal acid-base
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Cystinuria - Amino acid ... ascending limb Gitelman ... tubule Liddle syndrome ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Metabolic alkalosis ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... secretion • Acid-base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
, glycyrrhizic acid ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... hypomagnesemia • Metabolic alkalosis ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology