10 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... artery stenosis, Renin-secreting ... PRA: plasma renin ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... artery stenosis, Renin-secreting ... #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
pressure: Active diuretic ... use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... acidosis • Diabetic ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
• Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Succinylcholine • Diabetes ... blockers - MCW ... Nephrology @MCW_Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... after renal tubule diuretic ... mutation) • Renin-secreting ... after fasting #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Respiratory or Metabolic ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... artery stenosis, Renin-secreting ... PRA: plasma renin ... aldosterone escape #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... DDAVP) • Central diabetes ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Elevated Renin ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Acquired Downbeat Nystagmus

This 62 yo AA female reported to clinic for retinal evaluation of diabetic PDR.
to clinic for retinal ... evaluation of diabetic ... Nystagmus #clinical #video ... #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam #neurology