149 results
Intrinsic Renal Disease - Differential Diagnosis
Vascular:
 • Macrovascular: Renal artery occlusion, Fibromuscular disease
 • Microvascular: TTP/HUS,
HTN, Vasculitis Glomerular ... , Amyloidosis, MPGN ... • Nephritic: RPGN ... , IgA, Alport, MPGN
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Glomerulonephritis (MPGN ... formation along glomerular ... Complement-Mediated MGPN ... , CFHR5 neph) MPGN ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
Glomerulonephritis (RPGN ... with evidence of glomerular ... immune deposits in glomeruli ... post-infectious GN Anti-Glomerular ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
of acute kidney injury ... vascular supply; glomerular ... GBM, Glomerular ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases
Nephrotic - Mechanism:
 • Injury to podocytes
 • Changed architecture: Scanning. Deposition of
Spectrum of Glomerular ... Mechanism: • Injury ... formation #Glomerular
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
• Calculi Glomerular ... benign sediment (injury ... epithelial side of glomerular ... active sediment (injury ... ) proteinuria (injury
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework 
Pre-Renal
Post-Renal
Intrinsic Renal:
 • Tubules (ATN)
 • Glomerular:
of Acute Kidney Injury ... Tubules (ATN) • Glomerular
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Acute tubular injury ... red - cells Non-glomerular ... Dysmorphic red cells - Glomerular ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... acute tubular injury
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
 • Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
 • Osmotic
Induced Kidney Injury ... therapy • Osmotic injury ... agents • Crystal Injury ... Vitamin C • Glomerular ... Toxic tubular injury
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Acute Kidney Injury ... • Vascular • Glomerular ... Acute #Kidney #Injury