28 results
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... #MSK #orthopedics ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
- Differential Diagnosis ... Responsive to Treatment ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc ... Classification #pathophysiology ... #Hematology #Diagnosis
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Myasthenia Gravis - Summary
 • an autoimmune disease of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction associated with antibodies
50 years in men Diagnosis ... antibodies - MuSK-positive ... myasthenia usually • Starts ... within 3 years of diagnosis ... Myasthenia #Gravis #diagnosis
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis ... corticosteroids TREATMENT ... - Typical MS-like ... #Management #treatment ... #rheumatology #ophthalmology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis ... lesions) McDonald diagnostic ... Multiple Sclerosis Treatment ... taper 3-7 days - Short ... management #neurology #treatment
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
Perforation) Pathophysiology ... : Spore ingestion ... despite appropriate treatment ... IDSA 2021 CDI Treatment ... #management #treatment
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... • Weakness: Starts ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... Barre #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #management #treatment