2965 results
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... ) Causes of primary ... disease: Most common cause ... tumors: Most common cause ... Regurgitation #Causes
Ruptured Chordae Tendineae on POCUS Echocardiogram
 
Many underlying causes, not limited to: MVP, subacute endocarditis, connective
Many underlying causes ... not limited to: MVP ... Assess for MR when
Drugs Causing Acute Pancreatitis

Class Ia: The medications in which there was a rechallenge and other causes
rechallenge and other causes ... out other common causes ... Class II: Cases ... and atleast4 case ... #Pancreatitis #Causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... - Most common cause ... fusion, thick MV ... caused by either ... mitral #stenosis #Causes
Vasopressors and Inotropes - Pharmacology Summary
Vasopressors
Phenylephrine (alpha-1)
 • Increases BP, SVR
 • Risk of reflex bradycardia
Increases BP, SVR ... Increases BP, SVR ... Increases HR, SVR ... • Higher doses cause ... cAMP/cGMP • Causes
Schematic examples of the cause of acute mitral regurgitation. 
LV, left ventricle; PM, papillary mucle; SAM,
examples of the cause ... Regurgitation #MR ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... endocarditis, Myxomatous (MVP ... endocarditis, Myxomatous (MVP ... ), Myxomatous (MVP ... diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
MAP = CO x SVR
Hypovolemic (↓ Intravascular volume):
 • Hemorrhage, dehydration due
Framework MAP = CO x SVR ... arrhythmia • ↓ CO, ↑ SVR ... PAH • ↓ CO, ↑ SVR ... findings based on cause ... toxins • ↑ CO, ↓ SVR
Cardiac Murmurs and Maneuvers

An algorithm demonstrating the effect of various maneuvers on systolic murmurs. 
TR, tricuspid
pulmonary stenosis; MVP ... /MR, mitral valve ... cardiomyopathy; MR