179 results
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... Lead poisoning • Macrocytic ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... coagulopathy (DIC) #RBC
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... ) Morphology Microcytic ... RBC: Pyridoxine ... anemia (sometimes) Macrocytic ... RBC: Vitamin B12
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... glomerular hematuria (RBC ... or dysmorphic RBCs ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
• Drugs Oval Macrocytes ... Neutrophils - Low RBC ... Pernicious Anemia RBCs ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... #Macrocytic
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome:
 - Acute poststreptococcal 
glomerulonephritis 
 - Rapidly progressive
Glomerular Diseases ... Minimal change disease ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... Classification #Nephrology ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Framework by MCV Microcytic ... Spherocytosis, G6PD, PK, HbC ... Infections Macrocytic ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ... Pulmonary Renal Syndromes ... Investigations • Labs: CBC ... proteinuria, dysmorphic RBCs ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
2) External (RBC ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... 3) Internal (RBC ... Electrolytes: Wilson's disease
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
dysmorphic RBC’s, RBC ... /WBC casts, proteinuria ... intrinsic renal disease ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology