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algorithm hypokalemia low metabolic high hyperkalemia hypomagnesemia summary treatment abg acid acidbase base bloodgas chloride disorders diuretics excretion gas hypertension
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial: Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal ... and Gitelman syndrome ... transplant, Diuretic ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Magnesium ... #Gitelman #Syndrome ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... suggests extra-renal ... : Emesis, Diuretics ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... hyperaldosteronism, Secondary ... use), Gitelman's ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
, Potassium depletion ... states, Primary or secondary ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Alkalosis: Differential ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
High Al, High R - Secondary ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
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