41 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer’s Disease ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... mutations - Down syndrome ... chromosome 21) Signs ... geriatrics #diagnosis #signs
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... : • Behçet Syndrome ... • Cogan Syndrome ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... (Clinical Dx). ... #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... hematuria • Signs ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... of glomerular disease ... #urology #nephrology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... (AQP4-lgG disease ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis ... Renal parenchymal disease
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Pott's Disease in ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... CMC_IM #Potts #Disease
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Anterior Cord Syndrome ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology