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CERTA Analgesic Classes and Pain Indications

Dr. David H.Cisewski and Dr. Sergey M.Motov

#CERTA #Analgesic #Classes #Pain #Indications
CERTA Analgesic Classes ... and Pain Indications ... CERTA #Analgesic #Classes ... #Pain #Indications ... #Management #Table
Creatine Kinase - Causes of Elevated CK Levels
Acute CK Elevation (Pain > Weakness):
 • RHABDOMYOLYSIS
CK Elevation (Pain ... alcohol - Medications ... Illness: viral (COVID19 ... deficiency - Medications ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... with previously stable ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #indications
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Etiology: • Medications ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... gastric acidity, medications ... GI - glossitis (pain ... of tongue), abd pain ... #management #nutrition
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
- Allergies to medications ... the type of and indication ... one post op Cardiology ... medical and surgical management ... stratification #diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
intolerance, chest pain ... Absolute warfarin indications ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
- Differential Diagnosis ... Palpitations Diagnosis ... PALPITATIONS: Medications ... Symptoms: • Chest pain ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Indications for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) to Prevent Sudden Cardiac
Indications for ... guideline-directed management ... unstable VT • Stable ... defibrillator #indications ... #cardiology #diagnosis