10 results
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Urine Specific Gravity ... Gravity = Density of urine ... close to 1.001: • Excessive ... Interpretation #diagnosis #differential ... #nephrology
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Urine Color - Differential ... Diagnosis Red Urine ... rifampin • Foods: excessive ... #Color #Differential ... discoloration #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
of Polyuria - Differential ... day, Increased Urine ... Deprivation Test - Excessive ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Causes of Excessive ... Daytime Sleepiness - Differential ... Disorders • Neurologic ... Parkinson's, MS) ... , Opioids) #Excessive
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
AKI) What to ask ... UOP/weights - Urine ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... Algorithm #Causes #Differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... Present (Uosm <100): Excessive ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Then, ask 3 questions ... approach to the differential ... Measure urine osmolality ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Treatment #management #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
• Autosomal recessive—Usher ... consistent with MS ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
10-33% develop MS ... Myelitis: • Excessive ... Predictive of MS ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
Polydipsia Definition: Excessive ... deficits impairing urine ... diabetes insipidus Differential ... Serum Sodium, Urine ... diagnosis #management #nephrology