13 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
causes dot/blot hemorrhages ... retina and flame hemorrhages ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Shock - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Hypotension: SBP<90, SBP drop >40, MAP<65 (Normotension, HTN possible
Shock - Diagnosis ... Full Set of Vital Signs ... and Survey 4) Workup ... >7 - Non-hemorrhagic ... Jonesy_MA #Shock #Diagnosis
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
abdo pain, GI hemorrhage ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
Ascites - Diagnostic ... dullness, puddle sign ... incisional). 3) Signs ... bloody fluid; hemorrhagic ... Jcortesizaguirr #Ascites #workup
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... such as retinal hemorrhages ... renal bruit or signs
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
- subarachnoid hemorrhage ... intracerebral hemorrhage ... at home or at work ... thrombophilia, neurologic signs ... postpartum #Diagnosis
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... Differential Diagnosis ... #cholangitis #diagnosis ... #workup #hepatology
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
role obligations (work ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis ... duodenum Clinical Signs ... presentation • Minor hemorrhage ... catastrophic episode of hemorrhage ... Pathophysiology:
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... injury, cerebral hemorrhage ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis