18 results
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
/L of sodium lactate ... NOT lactic acid ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... filtration - Renal ... blood flow and renal
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... Type 4 RTA • Hypokalemic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... metabolism D-lactate ... toxicity causes lactic ... ketoacidosis Renal
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypotension & Hypovolemia ... toxic alcohols, Sodium ... liver Failure, Renal
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
and Alkalosis - Diagnostic ... Algorithm Anion ... tablets or INH - Lactic ... Addison disease - Renal ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... • Metabolic acidosis ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Diagnosis The ... patient’s complete medical ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... production Renal ... #Lactic #Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
: • Lactic acidosis ... oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Decreased ... Urine pH > 6.0 - Hypokalemic ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Defining ... • Renal tubular ... acidosis (type ... #nephrology #potassium