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Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Definition
Presentation
Medical Management
Extraesophageal Symptoms
Long-Term PPI Issues
Diagnosis Algorithm
Refractory GERD
Surgical and Endoscopic
Management of Gastroesophageal ... Reflux Disease ... Presentation Medical ... #Reflux #Disease ... Treatment #Algorithm #Gastroenterology
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Gastroesophageal ... Reflux Disease ... effects #GERD #Gastroesophageal ... #Reflux #Disease ... diagnosis #management #Gastroenterology
Prague Criteria - For Endoscopically Suspected Esophageal Columnar Metaplasia/Barrett's Esophagus
1) Ensure Hiatus Hernia Is Recognised By
Endoscopically Suspected Esophageal ... Impression From Gastroesophageal ... Junction Above Gastroesophageal ... diagnosis #endoscopy #EGD ... #gastroenterology
Esophageal Necrosis
Etiology:
 - Ischemia and Gastric Outlet Obstruction with GERD may be inciting events
 - Associated
Esophageal Necrosis ... injury (by acid reflux ... reflux resulting ... Diagnosis: - EGD ... diagnosis #management #gastroenterology
Secondary Causes of Esophageal Eosinophilia (EoE) - Differential Diagnosis
 • Gastroesophageal reflux disease
 • Eosinophilic gastrointestinal
Secondary Causes of Esophageal ... Diagnosis • Gastroesophageal ... reflux disease ... Hypereosinophilic syndrome • Esophageal ... Secondary #Causes #gastroenterology
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
arthritis • Gastroesophageal ... reflux • Head ... Gastrointestinal disease: gastroesophageal ... reflux disease ... (GERD), esophageal
Achalasia Summary

Epidemiology: 10 cases per 100,000 individuals

Defined by inadequate relaxation of the LES and aperistalsis
Primary or
sphincter to relax ... EGD: • Exclude ... gastroesophageal ... narrowing of the gastroesophageal ... management #treatment #gastroenterology
Los Angeles Classification of Reflux Esophagitis
Accurate endoscopic assessment of reflux esophagitis is vital in making accurate
Classification of Reflux ... assessment of reflux ... involves >75% of the esophageal ... diagnosis #grading #gastroenterology ... #EGD