9 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary ... Pulmonary vasculature ... Diseases of the lung ... Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient ... HPS-severity classification
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Intracardiac, Pulmonary ... AVMs, Hepatopulmonary ... : Atelectasis, ARDS ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
: Clinical Cheat ... injury, leading ... to increased pulmonary ... consistent with pulmonary ... detected on CT or CXR
ARDS/VALI progression over the course of 1 week 
 (a) Day 1 - No pathological findings.
ARDS/VALI progression ... ) Day 2 - some pulmonary ... involvement, with “white lung ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #ChestXRay
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level (blue arrow).
The upper lobe is still attached to the
There is a lung ... small airways leading ... to pulmonary cyst ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Pneumothorax
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary ... absence of intrinsic lung ... shunt (Type 2) Clinical ... on radioactive lung ... 80mmHg or A-a gradient
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
Increased pulmonary ... This grading system ... In daily clinical ... chronic obstructive lung ... Radiology #CHF #CXR
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level.
The upper lobe is still attached to the chest wall
There is a lung ... small airways leading ... to pulmonary cyst ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Pneumothorax
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Illness Script
HPS is a pulmonary disorder of chronic liver disease characterized by a
Hepatopulmonary ... = increased Aa gradient ... presence in the lower lung ... of orthodeoxia CLINICAL ... portal HTN • Aa gradient