11 results
Causes and Pathophysiology of Hypertension

#Causes #Pathophysiology #Hypertension #Primary #Essential #Secondary #Differential

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Guyton and
Causes and Pathophysiology ... #Hypertension #Primary ... #Essential #Secondary ... #Differential ... GrepMed Recommended Text
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... /physical exam ... clue • Blood tests ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... ACTH) stimulation test ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... baseline ACTH - Secondary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
Management Summary Primary ... ketoconazole, etomidate) Symptoms ... and Exam Findings ... Causes of Secondary ... #Management #Endocrinology
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
Pain (Otalgia) - Differential ... the following symptoms ... • Associated symptoms ... loss Physical Exam ... examination • Oral exam
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
overload) Other Symptoms ... deficiency • Primary ... hyperparathyroidism • Secondary ... Syndrome #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... - Emergency Causes ... infections • primary ... Diastematomyelia Physical Exam ... #diagnosis #causes
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
• Insomnia Primary ... thyroiditis Secondary ... hyperthyroidism #causes ... #endocrinology ... #signs #symptoms
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
• Acne • If secondary ... not a feature of primary ... dexamethasone suppression test ... Diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
Acromegaly occurs secondary ... Differential Diagnosis ... glucose suppression test ... or refractory cases ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology