22 results
Ophthalmoplegia secondary to Orbital Apex Syndrome

A 61-year-old man presented with retro-orbital pain, near-complete ophthalmoplegia, loss of
Syndrome A 61-year-old ... retro-orbital pain, near-complete ... Apex #Syndrome #Clinical ... #Video #Ophthalmology ... #PhysicalExam #NEJM
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Low Ankle Sprain ... Pathomechanics and Clinical ... II: Incomplete tear ... Ill: Complete tear ... Grades #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Conjunctivochalasis is defined as a redundant, nonedematous conjunctiva that causes a wide variety of symptoms ranging
of an unstable tear ... flow #conjunctivochalasis ... #ophthalmology ... conjunctiva #dry #clinical ... #photo
Aqueous Humor Production and Drainage
 • Provides nutrition, removes wastes, and transports neurotransmitters to the avascular
pathways located near ... Pathway (~60-80 % of flow ... ciliary body -> Flows ... #Pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
Pathogenesis and clinical ... reduces blood flow ... RPE -> Loss of photo ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Abnormal blood flow ... retinal artery blood flow ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Hyperopia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Axial length of eye -> Short axial length of the
Pathogenesis and clinical ... distant vision • Near ... retina -> Blurry near ... #Hyperopia #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Retinal Vasculitis in Takayasu’s Arteritis- ...Ophthalmologic examination revealed severe impairment, with perception of only light in
Arteritis- ...Ophthalmologic ... retinal blood flow ... retinal blood flow ... #NEJM #clinical
Radial Fracture Due to Parathyroid Carcinoma- ...A plain radiograph of the left arm showed a diaphyseal
and a diffusely low-density ... radiograph obtained 1 year ... One year after the ... #clinical #radiology ... #NEJM #parathyroid
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
Diagnosis = clinical ... in literature (NEJM ... cases (Cornelia NEJM ... followed by long slow ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology