60 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
of hypokalemia starts ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
ACEI Antihypertensive Dose Comparison. Consider divided (BID) regimen for better pre-dose (trough) BP control for the
Monitor BP, potassium ... , and renal function ... Dosing #Conversion #Pharmacology ... #Hypertension #Management
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... (if preserved renal ... #Hyperkalemia #management ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
• Refeeding syndrome ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Pharmacological Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Midodrine - Alpha agonist incr blood pressure incr renal perfusion pressure
of Hepatorenal Syndrome ... pressure incr renal ... #HepatoRenal #Syndrome ... #Nephrology #Management ... #Pharmacology #
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Syndrome Definition ... (Pulmonary and renal ... Bronchoscopy with serial ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute Managment ... • Can consider medical ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
(steatorrhea) Renal ... osmotic diuresis - Potassium ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... disorders: - Syndrome ... medications #drugs #pharmacology