46 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
bladder and rectal reflex ... saddle anesthesia. leg ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Immobilization) • Acute ... #pain #differential ... extremity #msk #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar spine Signs ... reflexes) • Urinary ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Lateral Medullary Syndrome - Wallenberg's Syndrome
Acute continuous vertigo due to Posterior Circulation Stroke (usually Posterior Inferior
Lateral Medullary ... Syndrome Acute ... Contralateral loss of pain ... neudrawlogy #Lateral #Medullary ... #neurology #diagnosis
Diagnostic Testing for Meningitis
History:
 • Triad: Fever, neck stiffness, and altered mental status
 • Sens: 44%
: • Leg extension ... → pain in back/ ... 95% Brudzinski Sign ... neck and legs will ... #testing #physicalexam
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Peripheral Edema - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Complex regional pain ... (reflex sympathetic ... Lower #Extremity #PhysicalExam
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Possible responses to pain ... • Examine for signs ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #comatose
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
and Myotomes Reflexes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Low back pain ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #leg #physicalexam
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes (ISCS)
 • Central - Small Lesion - Suspended sensory deficit, classic cape
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes ... positive Romberg sign ... lesion • Conus Medullaris ... , leg weakness ( ... #diagnosis #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Scotoma, Ocular pain ... /pain upon eye movement ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs