15 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Metabolic acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
arrhythmias and paralysis ... suggests extra-renal ... acidosis: Proximal ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Renal acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Algorithm Acidosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Periodic paralysis ... #high #nephrology
Toluene Poisoning - Diagnosis and Management Summary
What is it?  Volatile hydrocarbon, Glue or paint-sniffing, Occupational
Toluene Poisoning - Diagnosis ... and Management ... , ↓K+ Renal - chronic ... : • Marked hypokalaemia ... environment • Potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... infusions) - Metabolic ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... Periodic paralysis ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... hyperK periodic paralysis ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
(renal potassium ... Sjögren syndrome, Renal ... tubular acidosis ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management