64 results
Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
Indications: 
 • COPD exacerbation (↓ intubation, ↓ mortality), Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (↓
mortality), Other causes ... head/neck surgery Interfaces ... Spontaneous Time (a.k.a BiLevel ... indications #pulmonary #interfaces
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Algorithm Decreased WBCs ... Normal/lncreased WBCs ... ) - Abnormal RBCs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urine Microscopy and Casts - Image Atlas Key

- Squamous Epithelial Casts
- Transitional Epithelial Cells
- Renal Tubular
Microscopy and Casts ... Hyaline Cast - WBCs ... - Monomorphic RBCs ... - Dysmorphic RBCs ... - Granular Casts
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Urinalysis >3 RBCs ... of UTI, urine WBCs ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... , dysmorphic RBCs ... Nephrology if cause
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... are caused by prerenal ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... microscopy for WBCs ... , RBCs, casts, crystals
ABCs of Lung Ultrasound - A-Lines, B-Lines, Consolidation
A-Profile - Air filled lung does not transmit sound
ABCs of Lung Ultrasound ... past the pleural interface ... IMPOCUSFocus #ABCs
Internal Jugular Vein Rouleaux Flow on POCUS

Amazing video of a dilated IJV showing Rouleaux flow. Whenever
significantly, it causes ... the RBCs to clump ... echogenic as in this case ... for underlying cause
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Pernicious Anemia RBCs ... Cells, Normal WBCs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
average settings • Causes ... gas equation • Causes ... capillary-alveolar interface ... • Most common cause ... to hypoxemia • Causes
Simple flowchart guide to interpreting arterial blood gases (ABGs). 

#abg #bloodgas #interpretation #algorithm #diagnosis
arterial blood gases ... (ABGs).