9 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Assess volume status ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... demyelination syndrome ... include vaptans (HF ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
Medications, Spinal Cord ... Decompensated CHF ... Treatment Goals: 1) ... #criticalcare #algorithm ... #treatment #management
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... Causes: 1. ... hypercoagulable states ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #algorithm
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1- ... • Weakness: Starts ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... main variants: (1) ... #diagnosis #management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Framework and Management ... Toxins - Drugs - Statins ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Altered mental status ... PRES Diagnosis: 1. ... Reversible course Differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
typically fall into 1 ... acute coronary syndrome ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #management ... #heartfailure #chf