21 results
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
Causes of Dementia ... Cognitive Impairment - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Paraneoplastic disorder ... Early Language and
The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is commonly used as a screening tool to detect dementia. However,
neurocognitive disorder ... for orientation, memory ... , attention, and ... #Diagnosis #Geriatrics ... #Score #Assessment
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Disorder (HAND) ... dementia Pathophysiology ... Encephalopathy Triad: • Memory ... Diagnosis: MRI ... #dementia #AIDS
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
neurocognitive disorders ... hydrocephalus, HIV ... MRI, iADL scale, ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... #Differential #
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Suspect in movement disorders ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #differential # ... diagnosis #AIDS
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Diagnosis Framework ... (by history or examination ... optic disk • HIV ... /AIDS or other immunosuppressive ... #causes
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
Nerve Palsy • CN IV ... Cavernous Sinus (CS ... Skew Deviation Casey ... ophthalmology #neurology #differential ... #diagnosis #ocular
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... cardiomyopathy, ARDS ... heat #illness #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Unintentional Weight Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Malignancy 
 - Tumor effect* (esp. Gl, lung, lymphoma)
Depression, Eating disorders ... Infections: HIV ... /AIDS, Tuberculosis ... insufficiency Neuro: Dementia ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Allopecia - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hair Loss

Localized / Focal Hair Loss Pattern:
 • Scarring Alopecia:
Allopecia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... cellulitis of the scalp ... stress Physical Examination ... Dermatitis (Consider HIV