12 results
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia ... #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Hypothyroidism – symptoms and signs.

Symptoms: 
Tiredness/malaise, 
Weight gain,
Anorexia,
Cold intolerance, 
Poor memory,
Change in appearance, 
Depression, 
Poor libido,
and signs. ... Symptoms: Tiredness ... intolerance, Poor memory ... slowness, Psychosis/dementia ... Carpal timel syndrome
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... (parkinsonian signs ... Frontotemporal dementia ... #Differential # ... Workup #Diagnosis #Geriatrics
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Prader-Willi Syndrome ... =>Prader-Willi Syndrome ... Signs/Symptoms ... #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
to Headaches - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g.
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Incontinence - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Contraction - Signs ... , cauda equina syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Labia major & minor ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #peds #pediatrics
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
impairment • HIV dementia ... Pathophysiology ... • Depressive symptoms ... The clinical syndrome ... neurocognitive #disorder #dementia
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... and signs below ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... diagnosis #neurology #differential ... #algorithm
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
function tests algorithm ... suspicious clinical symptoms ... /signs should be ... presence of metabolic syndrome ... Liver #Enzymes #Differential