7 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Heart Disease Pulmonary ... Stenosis Mitral ... Marfan's Disease Mitral ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
• Arrhythmias: Afib ... * • Valvular: Mitral ... stenosis, Prosthetic ... valve • Endocarditis ... Structural: myxoma, thrombus
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
• Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... Infarction • Pulmonary ... • Tricuspid Stenosis
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
• Valvular (Mitral ... stenosis or regurgitation ... , Tricuspid endocarditis ... Differential #Diagnosis #pulmonary ... #causes
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... (< 5% pts with afibb ... Moderate or severe mitral ... stenosis • Mechanical ... #diagnosis #management
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Treat underlying cause ... #diagnosis #management
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
insufficiency, stenosis ... ) • Severe mitral ... regurgitation ... Pheochromocytoma • Pulmonary ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss