31 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Syndromes #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome:
 - Acute poststreptococcal 
glomerulonephritis 
 - Rapidly progressive
Glomerular Diseases ... : - Acute poststreptococcal ... #Syndromes #Classification ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... chronic kidney diseases ... suggestive of nephrotic ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
- Classification ... necrosis (causes ... : sepsis, meds, ... interstitial nephritis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Interstitial Nephritis ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Cirrhosis - Nephrotic ... syndrome - Acute ... chronic kidney disease ... #Table #Causes