14 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
unilateral flank pain ... glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... severe cases ... Massive proteinuria ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Hyperoxalirua, Heavy Proteinuria ... syndrome (blue diaper ... #Color #discoloration ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria and/or proteinuria ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in ... urine)? ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
overt glomerular proteinuria ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... because nephritic urine ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
When to suspect AIN ... (<10%): fever, rash ... , mild tubular proteinuria ... , granular casts ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
1ml blood/liter urine ... Post-infectious GN - Loin pain ... syndrome: • Flank pain ... - Proteinuria ... #urology #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... of Altered Urine ... Conditions: blue diaper ... #Colored #Discoloration ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
disease 24-hour urine ... is unreliable in ... Serum or urine for ... infections are common causes ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
disease 1) 24-hour urine ... is unreliable in ... Serum or urine for ... infections are common causes ... initial #testing #nephrology