13 results
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
mmol/L - Consider cause ... treatment indicated Protect ... Monitor K+ and Blood ... Monitor serum K+ and blood ... Prevention - Consider cause
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
Complications - Hypercalcemia ... acid from the blood ... - Tubular Poisons ... acid from the blood ... Release of purine bases
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... injury • Blood ... Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... tacrolimus - Hyperkalemic ... production: TLS, Crush ... : Blood draw error ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Blood Product Transfusions ... maculopapular rash ... Causes purpura & ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... Blood products contain
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... injury • Blood ... Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

-
accept increased blood ... infarct, and other rarer ... causes of right-sided ... physicalexam #clinical #video
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
maculopapular rash ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... Blood products contain
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Immobilization - Crush ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... UA positive for blood ... Diagnosis #Management #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Weakness, cramping, nausea ... Lysis (TLS, rhabdo/crush ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... only if no clear cause