28 results
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... TTKG should be high ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... injury • Blood ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
acid from the blood ... - Tubular Poisons ... acid from the blood ... Release of purine bases ... of abnormally high
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... urinary losses: • High ... Blood Pressure: ... • Low/Normal Blood
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... injury • Blood ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

-
accept increased blood ... infarct, and other rarer ... causes of right-sided ... physicalexam #clinical #video
Acute Purpura Fulminans Skin Rash on Physical Exam 
60 year old male ITP s/p splenectomy 
1d
Fulminans Skin Rash ... rigors, diarrhea, nausea ... new full-body rash ... to think about high ... Your blood cxs identify
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... production: TLS, Crush ... hyperkalemia: Blood ... draw error (Collection ... #potassium #high
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Can give with blood ... shift • Saline Causes ... densa receives high ... • Saline May Cause
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low blood ... to diarrhea, a high ... Urine chloride is high ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium